Zvinhu zvakaomarara, sekukura kwesimba repasi rose, kushanduka kwemitengo yemafuta uye matambudziko emamiriro ekunze, zvakasundira nyika zhinji kuita shanduko yekugadzira uye kushandiswa kwesimba. Makambani emafuta epasi rese anga achiedza kuve pamberi peindastiri, asi makambani emafuta akasiyana-akaderera-kabhoni shanduko nzira dzakasiyana: Makambani eEurope ari kusimudzira nesimba mhepo yemhepo yekumahombekombe, photovoltaic, hydrogen uye rimwe simba rinogona kudzokororwa, nepo makambani eAmerica ari kuwedzera. kurongeka kwekabhoni kubatwa uye kuchengetedza (CCS) uye humwe husina kunaka kabhoni tekinoroji, uye nzira dzakasiyana dzinozopedzisira dzashandurwa kuita simba uye simba repasi-kabhoni shanduko. Kubva 2022, makambani makuru emafuta epasi rose akaita hurongwa hutsva pahwaro hwekuwedzera kwakakosha kwehuwandu hwekutora bhizinesi-kabhoni uye mapurojekiti ekudyara akananga mugore rapfuura.
Kugadzira simba rehydrogen rave kubvumirana kwemakambani makuru emafuta epasi rose.
Ndiyo kiyi uye yakaoma nzvimbo yekufambisa simba shanduko, uye yakachena uye yakaderera-kabhoni yekufambisa mafuta inova kiyi yekushandurwa kwesimba. Seyakakosha yekutanga shanduko yekufambisa, simba rehydrogen rinokosheswa zvakanyanya nemakambani emafuta epasi rese.
Muna Ndira gore rino, Total Energy yakazivisa kuti yaizoshanda pamwe nemakambani ane mukurumbira pasi rose emagetsi emagetsi Masdar neSiemens Energy Company kugadzira nekugadzira chirimwa chegirini chekuratidzira chehydrogen chemafuta ekufambisa nendege muAbu Dhabi, uye kukurudzira kugona kwekutengesa kwegreen hydrogen. mafuta anodiwa decarbonization mune ramangwana. Muna Kurume, Total Energy yakasaina chibvumirano neDaimler Trucks Co., Ltd. yekugadzira pamwe chete ecological yekufambisa sisitimu yemarori anorema anofambiswa nehydrogen, uye kukurudzira decarbonization yekutakura zvinhu mumigwagwa muEU. Kambani inoronga kushanda kusvika 150 hydrogen refueling zviteshi zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga muGermany, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg neFrance panosvika 2030.
Pan Yanlei, CEO weTotal Energy, akataura kuti kambani yakagadzirira kugadzira green hydrogen pamwero mukuru, uye bhodhi revatungamiriri rakada kushandisa kuyerera kwekambani kumhanyisa girinhi yehydrogen. Nekudaro, tichifunga nezve mutengo wemagetsi, chinangwa chekusimudzira hachizove muEurope.
Bp yakasvika pachibvumirano neOman yekuwedzera mari huru muOman, kurima maindasitiri matsva nematarenda ehunyanzvi, kusanganisa simba rinogoneka negirinhi hydrogen pahwaro hwebhizinesi regasi rechisikigo, uye kukurudzira Oman yakaderera-kabhoni simba chinangwa. Bp ichavakawo dhorobha rehydrogen hub muAberdeen, Scotland, uye kuvaka inowedzerwa girini yekugadzira haidrojeni, yekuchengetedza uye yekugovera nzvimbo muzvikamu zvitatu.
Shell's hombe green hydrogen project yakaiswa mukugadzirwa muChina. Iyi purojekiti ine imwe yemidziyo mikuru yekugadzira haidrojeni kubva mumvura ine electrolyzed munyika, ichipa girinhi yehydrogen yemotokari dzemafuta ehydrogen muZhangjiakou Division panguva ye2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Shell yakazivisa kushandira pamwe neGTT France kuti vabatane kugadzira matekinoroji anogona kuona kufambisa kwehydrogen hydrogen, kusanganisira yekutanga dhizaini yemvura inotakura hydrogen. Mukati mekuchinja kwesimba, kudiwa kwehydrogen kuchawedzera, uye indasitiri yekutumira inofanirwa kuona hukuru hwekufambisa kwemvura yehydrogen, iyo inobatsira pakugadzwa kweanokwikwidza hydrogen mafuta ekugovera cheni.
KuUnited States, Chevron neIwatani vakazivisa chibvumirano chekugadzira pamwe chete nekuvaka 30 hydrogen refueling zviteshi muCalifornia panosvika 2026. ExxonMobil inoronga kuvaka chirimwa cheblue hydrogen muBaytown Refining uye Chemical Complex muTexas, uye panguva imwe chete kuvaka imwe mapurojekiti makuru eCCS munyika.
Saudi Arabia neThailand's National Petroleum Corporation (PTT) vanoshandira pamwe kugadzira minda yeblue hydrogen uye yegirinhi hydrogen uye nekusimudzira mamwe mapurojekiti emagetsi akachena.
Makambani makuru emafuta epasi rese akamhanyisa kuvandudzwa kwesimba rehydrogen, akakurudzira simba rehydrogen kuti rive munda wakakosha mukuchinja kwesimba, uye rinogona kuunza shanduko nyowani yesimba.
Makambani emafuta eEurope anomhanyisa marongerwo ekugadzirwa kwesimba idzva
Makambani emafuta emuEurope ane chishuwo chekugadzira magetsi matsva akadai sehydrogen, photovoltaic uye simba remhepo.
Hurumende yeUS yakaisa chinangwa chekuvaka 30 GW offshore mhepo simba panosvika 2030, ichikwezva vanogadzira vanosanganisira maEuropean energy hofori kuti vatore chikamu mukubhidha. Total Energy yakahwina bhidhiyo yechirongwa chemagetsi emhepo che3 GW pamhenderekedzo yeNew Jersey, uye inoronga kutanga kugadzira muna 2028, uye yakamisa mubatanidzwa wekugadzira simba remhepo rinoyangarara kubva kumahombekombe pamwero mukuru muUnited States. Bp yakasaina chibvumirano neNorwegian National Oil Company yekushandura South Brooklyn Marine Terminal muNew York kuti ive nzvimbo yekushanda nekugadzirisa yeindasitiri yemagetsi ekumahombekombe.
KuScotland, Total Energy yakahwina kodzero yekugadzira purojekiti yemagetsi ekumahombekombe ane simba re2 GW, iyo ichagadzirwa pamwe chete neGreen Investment Group (GIG) neScottish Offshore Wind Power Developer (RIDG). Uye bp EnBW yakahwinawo bhidhiyo yepurojekiti yemagetsi emhepo kumahombekombe ekumabvazuva kweScotland. Iyo yakarongwa yakaiswa simba i2.9 GW, inokwana kupa magetsi akachena kudzimba dzinopfuura mamirioni matatu. Bp inorongawo kushandisa yakasanganiswa bhizinesi modhi kuti ipe magetsi akachena anogadzirwa nemapurazi emhepo ekumahombekombe kune kambani yemagetsi yekuchaja network muScotland. Mabatiro maviri aya akabatana neShell Scottish Power Company akawanawo marezinesi maviri ekusimudzira emapurojekiti emagetsi emhepo anoyangarara muScotland, ane huwandu hwe5 GW.
KuAsia, bp ichashanda pamwe chete naMarubeni, mugadziri wemhepo wekuJapan wepamhenderekedzo yegungwa, kuti atore chikamu mukutsvagisa mapurojekiti emagetsi emhepo kubva kumahombekombe muJapan, uye achagadzira timu yemuno yekuvandudza mhepo yekunze muTokyo. Shell ichasimudzira iyo 1.3 GW inoyangarara yemhepo yemhepo purojekiti muSouth Korea. Shell yakawanawo Sprng Energy yeIndia kuburikidza nekambani yayo yekudyara mhiri kwemakungwa, inova imwe yemhepo inokurumidza kukura uye vanogadzira simba rezuva uye vanoshanda muIndia. Shell akataura kuti kutora kukuru uku kwakasimudzira kuti ive piyona weiyo yakazara simba shanduko.
MuAustralia, Shell yakazivisa muna Kukadzi 1 kuti yakanga yapedza kutora kweAustralia magetsi mutengesi Powershop, iyo yakawedzera mari yayo mu zero-kabhoni uye yakaderera-kabhoni midziyo uye matekinoroji muAustralia. Sekureva kwemushumo wekota yekutanga ya2022, Shell yakawanawo chikamu che49% muAustralia mhepo inovandudza Zephyr Energy, uye inoronga kumisikidza bhizinesi rekugadzira magetsi rakaderera-kabhoni muAustralia.
Mumunda wesimba rezuva, Total Energy yakawana SunPower, kambani yekuAmerica, neUS$250 miriyoni kuti iwedzere bhizimusi rayo rekuparadzira magetsi muUnited States. Pamusoro pezvo, Total yakagadzira mubatanidzwa neNippon Oiri Kambani yekuwedzera bhizinesi rayo rekuparadzira magetsi ezuva muAsia.
Lightsource bp, mubatanidzwa weBP, inotarisira kupedzisa 1 GW yakakura-yakakura simba rezuva chirongwa muFrance ne2026 kuburikidza nerutsigiro rwayo. Iyo kambani ichabatana zvakare neKubata Energy, chimwe chezvishandiso zvikuru zveveruzhinji muNew Zealand, pane akati wandei mapurojekiti emagetsi ezuva muNew Zealand.
Net Zero Emission Target Inosimudzira CCUS/CCS Technology Development
Kusiyana nemakambani emafuta emuEurope, makambani emafuta ekuAmerica anowanzo tarisa pakubata kabhoni, kushandiswa uye kuchengetedza (CCUS) uye kushoma pasimba rinodzokororwa senge simba rezuva uye simba remhepo.
Mukutanga kwegore, ExxonMobil yakavimbisa kudzikisa kuburitswa kwekabhoni yebhizinesi rayo repasi rose kusvika zero panosvika 2050, uye inoronga kushandisa mari inosvika bhiriyoni gumi neshanu pakudyara kwegirinhi simba rekuchinja mumakore matanhatu anotevera. Muchikamu chekutanga, ExxonMobil yakasvika padanho rekupedzisira rekudyara. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ichaisa mamirioni mazana mana emadhora kuti iwedzere nzvimbo yayo yekutora kabhoni muLabaki, Wyoming, iyo ichawedzera mamwe matani miriyoni imwe kune yazvino kabhoni yegore negore inotora matani angangoita mamirioni manomwe.
Chevron yakadyara muCarbon Yakachena, kambani inotarisisa tekinoroji yeCCUS, uye zvakare yakabatana neEarth Restoration Foundation kugadzira mahekita mazana masere nemazana masere esango rinonyura kabhoni muLouisiana sepurojekiti yayo yekutanga kabhoni. Chevron zvakare yakabatana neGlobal Maritime Decarburization Center (GCMD), uye yakashanda padhuze mune ramangwana remafuta uye kabhoni yekutora tekinoroji kusimudzira indasitiri yekutumira kuti izadzise chinangwa che zero. Muna Chivabvu, Chevron yakasaina memorandamu yekunzwisisa neTallas Energy Company kuti iite mubatanidzwa wekuvandudza ——Bayou Bend CCS, nzvimbo yeCCS yekumahombekombe muTexas.
Nguva pfupi yadarika, Chevron neExxonMobil vakasaina zvibvumirano nekambani yemafuta yeIndonesia yenyika (Pertamina) kuti vaongorore mikana yebhizimusi yepasi-kabhoni muIndonesia.
Yese Energy's 3D indasitiri yekuyedza inoratidza maitiro matsva ekutora kabhoni dhaidhirosi kubva kumaindasitiri zviitiko. Iyi purojekiti muDunkirk ine chinangwa chekuonesa reproducible kabhoni yekutora tekinoroji mhinduro uye idanho rakakosha rekuita decarbonization.
CCUS ndeimwe yeakakosha matekinoroji ekubata nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze epasi rose uye chikamu chakakosha chemhinduro dzemamiriro ekunze epasi rose. Nyika dzepasirese dzinoshandisa tekinoroji iyi kugadzira mikana yekusimudzira hupfumi hutsva hwemagetsi.
Pamusoro pezvo, muna 2022, Total Energy yakaitawo nhamburiko pamafuta endege (SAF), uye chikuva chayo cheNormandy chakabudirira kutanga kugadzira SAF. Kambani iyi inoshandawo neNippon Oil Company kugadzira SAF.
Senzira yakakosha yekushandura kabhoni yakaderera nekuwana makambani emafuta epasi rose, Total yakawedzera 4 GW yesimba rinogonekazve simba nekuwana American Core Solar. Chevron yakazivisa kuti ichawana REG, boka resimba rinodzokororwa, nemadhora 3.15 bhiriyoni, zvichiita kuti ive bheji guru pane rimwe simba kusvika kure.
Mamiriro ezvinhu epasi rose akaomarara uye denda harina kumisa kukurumidza kwekuchinja kwesimba kwemakambani makuru emafuta epasi rose. "World Energy Transformation Outlook 2022" inoshuma kuti shanduko yesimba repasi rose yafambira mberi. Kutarisana nezvinonetsa munharaunda, vagovani, nezvimwewo uye kuwedzera kwekudzoka kwekudyara musimba idzva, shanduko yesimba yemakambani makuru emafuta epasi rose iri kufambira mberi zvishoma nekuona kuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu kwesimba uye kuwanikwa kwezvinhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-04-2022